Biology:
- The science which deals with the study of structure, organization, life processes, interactions, origin and evolution of living organisms is called biology.
- Aristotle is regarded to as the Father of Biology
- Biological science has been divided into 3 main branches:
- Zoology: It is the study of animals and the facts related to their life.
- Botany: It deals with the study of plants.
- Microbiology: It deals with the study of simpler, unicellular and microscopic organisms.
- Biology reveals to us the secrets of life uncovered by biologists through centuries of researches.
- It is of great importance to mankind in a practical sense and has various scopes, some of which are given below.
- Anthropology:
- The science of man and mankind including the study of the physical and mental constitution of man.
- It also deals with the cultural development, social tradition as exhibited by them both in their past and present.
- Biomedical engineering:
- Branch of engineering dealing with the production of spare parts for man.
- Biomedical engineers help in manufacturing of artificial limbs, heart, lungs etc. used by doctors to help impaired bodies function properly.
- Biotechnology:
- It deals with the use of living organisms or of substances obtained from them in industrial processes.
- Food technology:
- The science of processing and preservation of healthy foods.
- Dairy technology: The application of science for the manufacture of milk product.
- Apiculture: The rearing of honey bees, bee keeping especially for commercial purposes.
- Fishery or Pisiculture: The industry of rearing and catching fish or the products of the sea, lakes, rivers or ponds.
- Sericulture: The breeding and treatment of silkworms for producing raw silk.
- Genetic engineering:
- It involves genetic manipulations to produce an organism with a new combination of genes to improve the varieties.
- Application of scientific knowledge to question civil and criminal laws is called forensic science which includes the study of finger prints, blood typing etc.
- Vetenary medicine:
- It deals with the study of domesticated animals and their health care.
- Science dealing with the rearing of domestic fowls such as chicken, ducks, turkeys etc. is called poultry science.
- Medicine:
- It is the science of treating diseases with drugs or curative substances.
- The science dealing with the study of nature of diseases, their causes, symptoms and effects is called pathology.
- The branch of medicine involving the physical operations to cure diseases or injuries to the body is called surgery.
- The science of knowledge of drugs and preparation of medicine or drugs is called pharmacology.
- Care of teeth, including cleaning and polishing, removal of spoiled teeth, filling and fitting of artificial teeth is called dentistry.
- Therapy:
- A method of treatment of convalescents and for physically handicapped people utilizing light work of diversion, physical exercise or vocational training is called occupational therapy.
- The treatment of diseases, bodily weakness or defects by physical remedies such as massage and exercise is called physiotherapy.