S.N. |
Metals |
Non-metals |
1. |
Metals are usually solids at room temperature. {Exception: Mercury (Hg) and Gallium (Ga) are liquid metals}. |
Non-metals usually are solids or gas at ordinary temperature. {Exception: Bromine (Br) is liquid non-metal}. |
2. |
They usually have high melting and boiling points. The exceptions are Lithium, Sodium and Potassium which melt and boil at low temperatures. |
They usually have low melting and boiling points. The exceptions are Carbon, Boron and Silicon which are solids with high melting and boiling points. |
3. |
Metals are usually malleable, i.e. they can be rolled or hammered into thin sheets without breaking. |
Non- metals are non–malleable. They are usually brittle and become powder when beaten. |
4. |
They are usually ductile,i.e. they can be drawn into thin wires without breaking. |
They are non-ductile, so they can’t be drawn into wires. |
5. |
Metals are usually hard. Sodium and Potassium are soft. Sodium is so soft that it can be cut with a knife. |
Non-metals usually are light and soft, but Carbon in the form of diamond is the hardest substance known. |
6. |
They are good conductors of heat and electricity. |
Generally, they are bad conductors of heat and electricity, but graphite is a good conductor of electricity. |
7. |
Metals usually have a metallic lustre and can be polished to give a highly reflective surface. |
Non-metals usually don’t have lustre and cannot be polished like metals. |
8. |
Metals usually are sonorous and produce ringing sound on collision. |
They are non-sonorous and don’t produce ringing sound. |
9. |
Most metals form alloys (mixture of metals). |
Non-metals don’t form alloys. |